基于新型重力储能的风储一体化系统设计与控制策略

Design and Control Strategy of an Integrated Wind-Storage System Based on Novel Gravity Energy Storage

中文关键词:风力发电  重力储能  永磁同步电机  功率平衡  风储一体化

keywords:wind power generation  gravity energy storage  permanent magnet synchronous motor  power balance  wind-storage integration

中文摘要:提出一种基于新型重力储能的风储一体化系统模型及其控制策略。首先，将新型重力储能并入风电机组直流侧，构建风储一体化的模型；其次，针对该模型提出相应的控制策略，其中机侧变流器采用最大功率跟踪控制，网侧变流器采用P/Q功率指令控制，储能变流器采用定直流母线电压控制；最后，在电网侧附加频率下垂控制，实现重力储能主动参与调频。通过对系统内功率平衡及储能参与一次调频的仿真研究，验证了所提模型及控制策略的有效性。该模型有望将新型重力储能应用于高风电渗透率下的电网，有效平抑风电出力波动带来的安全稳定问题，提升电网对风能的消纳能力。

Abstract:Wind power generation typically requires the integration of energy storage systems to meet the power balance demands within the power system and to enhance the reliability of the grid. As an emerging mechanical energy storage technology， gravity energy storage offers advantages such as safety， longevity， cost-effectiveness， and high round-trip efficiency when compared to traditional energy storage technologies. This paper introduces a wind-storage integrated system model and its control strategy， which is based on the novel gravity energy storage concept. First， the new gravity energy storage is integrated into the DC side of the wind turbine to establish a model of wind-storage integration. Second， a corresponding control strategy is proposed for this model， where the machine-side converter employs maximum power point tracking control， the grid-side converter adopts P/Q power command control， and the storage converter maintains a fixed DC bus voltage. Finally， frequency sag control is implemented on the grid side to ensure that gravity energy storage actively participates in frequency regulation. The efficacy of the proposed model and control strategy is confirmed through simulation studies that examine the power balance in the system and the role of energy storage in primary frequency regulation. The model is expected to apply the new gravity energy storage technology to power grids with a high penetration rate of wind power， effectively mitigate security and stability issues caused by the variability of wind power output， thereby improving the grid’s capacity to utilize wind energy.