基于需求响应的光伏发电系统电量平衡调度算法

An Energy Balance Scheduling Algorithm for Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems Based on Demand Response

中文关键词:需求响应  光伏发电系统  分层调度  基本PSO算法  Pareto支配关系  电量平衡调度

keywords:demand response  photovoltaic power generation system  hierarchical scheduling  basic PSO algorithm  Pareto dominance relation  energy balance scheduling

中文摘要:针对光伏发电存在供电多、供电集中等问题，提出一种基于需求响应的光伏发电系统电量平衡调度算法。基于需求响应，结合分层调度思想，构建双层电量平衡调度算法。结合粒子群优化（particle swarm optimization，PSO）算法与Pareto支配关系，设计多目标粒子群优化（multi-objective particle swarm optimization，MOPSO）算法，完成双层调度求解，实现光伏发电系统电量平衡调度。测试结果表明，该算法的供电量仅为8 208 kW·h，并且分散在01：00—02：00、06：00—07：00、11：00—15：00和20：00—23：00的4个时段，其变异系数超过1.5，供电更加分散；用户日内实际用电功率仅为125 kW，方差仅为4.63，并且分布在120~125 kW的较小范围内，其整体分布比较均匀，说明设计算法的调度性能良好。

Abstract:To address problems such as excessive and centralized power supply in photovoltaic power generation，an energy balance scheduling algorithm for photovoltaic power generation systems based on demand response is proposed. Based on demand response and integrated with the idea of hierarchical scheduling，a two-layer energy balance scheduling algorithm is constructed. By combining the particle swarm optimization （PSO） algorithm with the Pareto dominance relationship，a multi-objective particle swarm optimization （MOPSO） algorithm is designed to solve the two-layer scheduling problem，thereby realizing the energy balance scheduling of the photovoltaic power generation system. Test results show that the total power supplied by the algorithm is only 8 208 kW·h，which is distributed across four time periods: 1-2 h，6-7 h，11-15 h，and 20-23 h. Its coefficient of variation （CV） exceeds 1.5，indicating a more decentralized power supply. The actual intra-day power consumption of users is only 125 kW with a variance of merely 4.63，and it is distributed within a narrow range of 120~125 kW. The overall distribution is relatively uniform，indicating that the proposed algorithm exhibits excellent scheduling performance.