考虑多时间尺度调频需求的含构网型场站新能源基地优化调度

Optimal Scheduling of New Energy Bases with Grid-Forming Plants Considering Multi-Time Scale Frequency Regulation Requirements

中文关键词:构网型场站  惯量支撑  一次调频  二次调频  备用优化  日前调度

keywords:grid-forming plants  inertia support  primary frequency regulation  secondary frequency regulation  reserve optimization  day-ahead scheduling

中文摘要:新能源大规模接入电网导致系统惯量和一次调频资源减少，抗扰动能力下降，系统安全稳定运行受到挑战。提出了考虑多时间尺度调频需求的含构网型（grid-forming，GFM）场站新能源基地优化调度方法。首先，分析计及惯量支撑的GFM场站的调频能力，建立GFM场站的惯量和一次调频备用模型，构建GFM场站调度成本模型；其次，对比分析各类调频资源的调频特性，基于系统惯量响应、一次调频、二次调频的调频需求，建立考虑频率安全的系统调频备用约束模型；再次，以系统总运行成本最小为目标，构建计及构网型场站调频能力的风光火储多源协调优化调度模型；最后，以西北某新能源基地系统为仿真场景，仿真分析验证本文所提模型的有效性。仿真结果表明，所提调度策略能够充分发挥GFM场站的调频能力，实现了系统的多类调频资源协调优化和系统安全经济运行。

Abstract:With the large-scale integration of renewable energy， the system inertia and primary frequency regulation resources are significantly reduced， weakening the power system’s disturbance resilience and posing serious challenges to secure and stable operation. In this context， an optimal scheduling method of new energy bases with grid-forming （GFM） plants considering multi-timescale frequency regulation requirements is proposed. First， the frequency regulation capability of GFM plants （including GFM wind farms and GFM energy storage systems） considering inertia support is analyzed， and models for the inertia and primary frequency reserves of GFM plants are established， along with corresponding scheduling cost models. Second， the frequency regulation characteristics of various resources are compared， and based on the requirements of inertia response， primary frequency regulation， and secondary frequency regulation， a system frequency regulation reserve constraint model is established with consideration of frequency security. On this basis， a multi-source coordinated optimal scheduling model for wind， solar， thermal， and storage systems considering the frequency regulation capability of GFM power plants is established， with the objective of minimizing the total system operating cost. Finally， simulation studies based on a renewable energy base system in Northwest China are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheduling method fully exploits the frequency regulation capability of GFM plants， achieving coordinated optimization of multiple frequency regulation resources and ensuring secure and economical operation of the power system.