考虑电动汽车灵活充放电的配电网多时间尺度降损优化研究

Research on Multi-Time-Scale Loss Reduction Optimization of Distribution Networks Considering Flexible Charging and Discharging of Electric Vehicles

中文关键词:配电网  电动汽车  模型预测控制  多时间尺度  二阶锥规划

keywords:distribution network  electric vehicle  model predictive control  multi-time scale  second-order cone programming

中文摘要:针对风光出力不确定性和大量电动汽车接入配电网无序充电而导致的配电网负荷峰值叠加、网损增大等问题，提出考虑了电动汽车的配电网多时间尺度降损运行策略。建立电动汽车行为的概率分布，使用蒙特卡罗模拟法建立符合用户出行习惯的电动汽车充放电出力模型；考虑不同时间尺度上风光出力预测偏差的影响，引入模型预测控制的方法建立电动汽车日前-日内优化调度策略，引入动态分时电价并以网损和运行成本为目标函数来构建数学模型；在配电网IEEE 33节点不同场景下进行案例分析。实验结果表明：所提优化策略降损和平抑负荷波动的效果明显，电动汽车参与电网互动降低风光并网影响的同时，其灵活性补偿了系统不确定性影响偏差，从而维持了系统平衡。

Abstract:To address superposition of distribution network load peaks and increased network loss caused by the uncertainty of wind and solar power output and the unordered charging of a large number of electric vehicles （EVs） connected to the distribution network，a multi-time-scale loss reduction operation strategy for the distribution network considering EVs is proposed. First，the probability distribution of EV behavior is established，and the Monte Carlo simulation method is used to build an EV charging and discharging output model that conforms to users' travel habits. Second，considering the influence of wind and solar power output prediction deviations on different time scales，the model predictive control method is introduced to establish a day-ahead and intraday optimal scheduling strategy for EVs，and a dynamic time-of-use electricity price is adopted to construct a mathematical model with network loss and operation cost as the objective functions. Finally，case analysis is carried out under different scenarios of the IEEE 33-bus distribution network. The experimental results show that the proposed optimization strategy has a significant effect on loss reduction and load fluctuation suppression. When EVs participate in grid interaction to reduce the impact of wind and solar grid connection，their flexibility compensates for the deviation caused by the system uncertainty，thus maintaining the system balance.