复杂山区典型微地形下风场特征规律研究

Research on Wind Field Characteristic Laws of Typical Microtopography in Complex Mountainous Areas

中文关键词:复杂地形  风场特征  数值模拟  垭口  高山分水岭  参数化分析

keywords:complex topography  wind field characteristics  numerical simulation  mountain pass  alpine watershed  parametric analysis

中文摘要:针对丘陵、山区等复杂微地形风场特征研究不充分的问题，提出一种结合典型地形参数化建模与实测地形数据模拟的复杂山区风场特征研究方法。首先，通过高精度数字高程模型开展建模与空间配准，建立典型地形与实际地形对应的模型，定量刻画研究区域的地形特征及形态差异；其次，基于雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯方程的计算流体力学模拟方法，对垭口与高山分水岭地形下的风场分布进行参数化分析，揭示风速随高度与地形参数变化的空间响应规律；最后，结合典型断面实测风速数据，对模拟结果进行验证与偏差分析。研究表明，该方法可为复杂山区输电线路的风致覆冰风险评估与抗风设计提供理论支撑，并为复杂地形风场的精细化建模与参数化研究提供新思路。

Abstract:To address the inadequate understanding of wind field characteristics in complex microtopography such as hills and mountainous areas，this paper proposes a research approach for wind field characteristics in complex mountainous regions，which integrates parametric modeling of typical terrains and simulation using measured topographic data. First，through high-precision digital elevation model （DEM） modeling and spatial registration，a model corresponding to typical topography and actual topography is established to quantitatively characterize the topographic features and morphological differences of the study area. Second，the computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation method based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes（RANS） equation is adopted to carry out parametric research on the wind field distribution of pass and alpine watershed topography，revealing the spatial response laws of wind speed varying with height and topographic parameters. Finally，the simulation results are verified and the deviation is analyzed using the measured wind speed data of typical sections. The research shows that this method can provide a theoretical basis for the wind-induced icing risk assessment and wind resistance design of transmission lines in complex mountainous areas，and offer new ideas for the refined modeling and parametric research of wind fields in complex topography.